View clinical trials related to Nutrition Disorders.
Filter by:The present study aims to evaluate the use of oral nutritional supplementation in persons with some clinical conditions presenting malnutrition in some extent.
Advances in modern medicine and critical care interventions have greatly impacted survival of critically ill patients, but these interventions are not without consequences. Although patients may now survive the initial critical illness, these patients may not recover to their pre-illness baseline state of health. Recent data in both the critically ill adult and neonatal patients who survive sepsis or surgical events have been shown to progress to persistent inflammatory, immunosuppressed, catabolic syndrome (PICS). This was first identified in adult trauma patients, and more recently was defined in critically ill neonates. To date, there are no published reports of PICS in the critically ill pediatric population. Our long-term goal is to understand PICS in the pediatric population and how early medical and nutritional interventions may impact overall morbidity and survival. To achieve this goal first PICS must first be characterized in the pediatric population. The hypothesis is that PICS occurs in pediatric patients and is associated with increased time to return to a baseline functional life post-injury or illness. The hypothesis will be tested by pursuing the following specific aims. Specific Aim 1: To determine the incidence of PICS in the pediatric population and associate the diagnosis of PICS to survival and time to return to baseline functional life and Specific Aim 2: To determine if early increased inflammatory and immunosuppressive markers are associated with the development of PICS and increased morbidity and mortality. These aims will be accomplished by conducting a prospective single-center observational pilot study to enroll pediatric patients with an anticipated pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) stay greater than 14 days. Through these two aims, the investigators anticipate that this research will provide an explanation into the interplay of inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism in critically ill children, which is imperative to the development of early therapeutic and nutritional interventions that can reduce morbidity and mortality associated with critical illness.
Major surgery in the elderly and frail patient is a challenge. Optimal perioperative management is essential for outcome and survival. There is a need for improved multidisciplinary approach to improve postoperative outcome in this patient population at high risk for postoperative morbidity and mortality. Here the investigators will evaluate the implementation of a multimodal prehabilitation program including optimization of nutrition (protein and carbohydrate loading), optimization of preoperative hydration and the use of regional anesthesia during cystectomy and urinary diversion in a series old frail patients and compared/matched them to a historical series of similar patients in terms of early return of quality of life using the Convalescence and Recovery Evaluation (CARE) instrument, cognition, and postoperative morbidity. The importance of patient-reported health status is well recognized and is a facet of healthcare quality. In addition it is a valuable means for quantitatively measuring the implication of technology adoption for the patient, who typically judges the efficacy of a surgical procedure by whether it improves quality of life. The objective of this study is to evaluate the implementation of a multimodal prehabilitation program in a series old frail patients and compared them to a historical series of similar frail patients in terms of early return of quality of life, cognition, and postoperative morbidity. The importance of patient-reported health status is well recognized and is a facet of healthcare quality. In addition it is a valuable means for quantitatively measuring the implication of technology adoption for the patient, who typically judges the efficacy of a surgical procedure by whether it improves quality of life.
In rodents, obesity is associated with changes in tight junctions' structure in small intestine, which impacts intestinal permeability and results in metabolic complications. Few data exist in human. We hypothesized that intestinal permeability is altered in obese subjects in comparison to lean subjects, linked to metabolic and inflammatory status and that these alterations are modified after gastric bypass.
Weight loss and loss of lean body mass are common and associated with adverse outcomes such as loss of strength, reduced immune- and pulmonary function and increased disability in advanced cancer. Progressive weight loss interferes with cancer therapy and is responsible for reduced quality of life (QoL) as well as shorter survival irrespective of tumour mass or presence of metastases. Weight loss in advanced cancer is regarded as a major clinical challenge because of its serious consequences, its varying aetiology and the contribution of multiple pathophysiological mechanisms that are poorly disentangled.
This study will determine if an education program about hygiene and child feeding practices, taught by local village community health workers, will improve child growth and decrease the prevalence of childhood malnutrition in a rural region of Kenya.
This trial is conducted in the United States of America (USA). The aim of this trial is to investigate the safety, tolerability, efficacy and pharmacokinetics (the rate at which the trial drug is eliminated from the body) of NNC 0070-0002-0453 in overweight/obese, but otherwise healthy male and female volunteers. Selected subjects will continue in a follow-up period of up to 5 years.
This trial will be conducted in the United States of America (USA). The aim of the trial is to investigate whether the drug is safe, well tolerated and to investigate the efficacy of NNC 0070-0002-0182 for the treatment of obesity. The subjects will be treated with drug and placebo. This registration covers the phase 2 part of a combined phase 1/phase 2 trial (phase 1 part of trial conducted between November 2007 and April 2008).