View clinical trials related to Malnutrition, Infant.
Filter by:Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a public health problem, A substantial percentage of infants and toddlers with CHD undergo cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Undernutrition affects up to 90% of these patients, and it's contributed to worse surgical and neurological outcomes. Infants with CHD are typically delivered at full term with a normal birth weight. However, as time passes, their development may become stunted. There are no negotiated guidelines for nutritional monitoring and intervention in this age bracket of infants. Through the use of Energy Enriched and Protein Enriched nutrition formula during the postoperative phase, this has shown to be well tolerated and support in delivering higher nutrition intakes within the first days after surgery. The objective of this research is to assess the long term outcome of patients who have had energy- and protein-rich nutrition formulas post cardiac surgery. An open, 2-arm, randomized controlled trials will be conducted to assess the efficacy of early administration of energy enriched and protein enriched formula in post cardiac repair infants. The expected primary outcome is that intervention group will have good tolerance to feeding and the secondary outcome is the significant weight gain rate (weight velocity) in comparing to control groups
This observational study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of a new infant feeding tool called "SMART Tool" in the neonatal intensive care unit. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. To design a feeding tool to assess oral motor and neurobehavioral skills in neonates 2. To establish psychometrics of the new tool by doing reliability and validity tests.
Early life nutrition is the key modifiable determinant of child growth, development, survival and diseases of adult onset. Pakistan ranks highest for neonatal mortality rate (44.2/1000 live births (LBs)) globally. One third of under-five deaths (74.9/1000 LBs) are attributable to high prevalence of stunting (38%), underweight (23%) and wasting (7%), greatly related to feeding practices. Given the low prevalence of exclusively breast fed (EBF) (48%) and use of minimum acceptable diet (13%), mitigation of early life nutritional risk through promotion of EBF and Young Child Feeding Practices (YCFP) provides a critical window of opportunity for intervention. Secondary Care Hospitals (SCH) of the Aga Khan Health Services Pakistan provide essential maternal and child health services for low-middle income population. Babies born at these SCHs are followed up for vaccination, growth-monitoring and other services at the closely affiliated Family Health Centers (FHCs) run by Lady Health Visitors (LHVs). We aim to examine the effectiveness of a locally designed m-Health application for empowering mothers for child nutritional care as a potentially sustainable approach. The first six months of formative research would identify perceptions, barriers and facilitators for EBF and YCFP using self-determination behavioral theory, among multi-parous pregnant mothers enrolled at three SCHs of Karachi. A randomization trial would be conducted during next 18 months among near-term pregnant women who have access to smart-phones. A culturally appropriate mhealth application called first diet would be developed to provide personalized push messages delivered weekly by the LHVs. Non-intervention group will receive face-face nutritional counselling by the research staff at FHC following routine vaccination and growth-monitoring schedule. Mothers would followed-up from one month prior to expected delivery to child's first birthday. We expect 20% improvement in rates of EBF and YCFP with m-Health intervention. If proven effective, m-health would be incorporated in routine child care provision by LHVs.
This study is being conducted to investigate how a mother's nutritional status and her gut microbiome during pregnancy contribute to the birth outcomes and health of her baby. The gut microbiome is the totality of microorganisms (e.g. bacteria, viruses, fungi) living in the gastrointestinal tract. This study will focus on pregnant women, 24 years and younger living in the Toronto and greater Toronto area. The focus is on younger women due to their vulnerability to undernutrition. Pregnant participants, and upon delivery, their newborns will be followed throughout pregnancy and for a year afterwards. Throughout this period, the investigators will collect stool samples, rectal swabs, blood samples, health assessments, nutritional and dietary assessments and birth/ labour details. The goal is to define the relationship between a mother's nutritional status and her microbiome dynamics during pregnancy and how they contribute to the birth outcomes and growth of her newborn. With the hypothesis that alterations of the microbiota in the maternal gut (dysbiosis) exacerbated by nutritional status or pathogen exposure during pregnancy, impacts weight gain because of impaired nutrient absorption, leading to corresponding negative birth outcomes.
Between February 2008 and February 2009, 500 infant-mother pairs in Bhaktapur, Nepal were randomly selected in this nutritional survey. The dietary intake, nutritional status of several nutrients, growth, and breastfeeding habits were measured in both the women and their infants.The objective of this first phase was to estimate the intake and status of several nutrients in relation to breastfeeding. These mother-child pairs were revisited around the child's fifth birthday when growth, diet, and neurodevelopment was measured. The objective of this phase was to create a cohort study where factors in infancy could be related with health outcomes and development 5 years later.
Animal source foods (ASF), such as meat and eggs, are rich in nutrients critical for growth and development. Yet, for poor children in developing countries, ASF consumption is limited by cost, inadequate caregiver knowledge, and lack of local production and physical availability. The impact of HH- and village-level livestock interventions on household dietary diversity and nutritional status in resource-poor communities is not well established. The objective of this study is to test the effectiveness of local egg production intervention on maternal and child diets and child nutrition status. This project takes place in the Luangwa Valley, Zambia in partnership with a local non-governmental organization, COMACO. Twenty communities will be assigned to the intervention, and 20 matched communities will be selected as controls. In each intervention community, an egg production facility will be built, owned, and operated by trained COMACO farmers. Households (HHs) in each community will be sampled twice annually for 1 year pre-intervention (baseline) and 1 year post-intervention to assess dietary diversity and nutritional status. Data analysis will test for a change in these outcomes from baseline in each intervention community compared to the matched control community.