View clinical trials related to Malabsorption Syndromes.
Filter by:Rationale: Aging is accompanied by a blunted muscle protein synthetic response to protein ingestion.This anabolic resistance may be related to decreased postprandial amino acid release in the circulation, due to greater amino acid extraction by splanchnic tissues in older individuals. It has been suggested that extracted amino acids are utilized by intestinal epithelial cells for cell proliferation, generating new cells to maintain healthy mucosa. So far, there is no evidence that dietary protein-derived amino acids are taken up and incorporated in intestinal mucosal protein in vivo in humans. Furthermore, there is no evidence that this process is impacted by age. Objective: To assess the postprandial incorporation of dietary protein-derived amino acids in intestinal mucosal protein in healthy young and older males. Study design: Cross-sectional, non-therapeutic intervention study design Study population: 5 healthy, non-obese (BMI 18.5-30kg/m2) young adult males (age: 18-35y inclusive) and 5 community dwelling older males (age: 67+y). Intervention: Continuous intravenous stable isotope amino acid tracer infusion will be applied, in combination with oral ingestion of 20g intrinsically labelled milk protein, with plasma, muscle and duodenal mucosa biopsy samples collected at different time points throughout the experimental test day. Main study parameters/endpoints: The primary study outcome is the postprandial (0-5h) incorporation of dietary protein-derived amino acids in duodenal mucosal protein following the ingestion of 20g intrinsically labelled milk protein. Secondary study parameters include postprandial plasma availability of dietary protein-derived amino acids and fractional duodenal mucosal protein synthetic rate.
The retrospective cohort study will compare the prevalence of sarcopenia and associated factors between older patients who have undergone bariatric surgery and older patients with obesity without previous bariatric surgery.
In this project we want to assess impact of dietary fructose as a simple sugar intolerance on abdominal pain and compare a low FODMAP diet versus an added sugar elimination diet effectiveness on symptoms but also impact on microbiome and its metabolome.
To compare the safety of treatment with ELGN-2112 to placebo in preterm infants born less than 26 weeks GA and IUGR infants<3rd percentile* born at 26-32 weeks GA.
The study will evaluate the effect of ELGN-2112 on intestinal malabsorption in preterm infants.
Children with inadequate intestinal absorption due to loss of large amounts of small bowel require intravenous nutrition (feeding through the vein) to sustain hydration and nutrition to avoid starvation and dehydration; however, intravenous (IV) nutrition can lead to complications including liver failure. Tube feeding directly to the small intestine avoids the complications of IV nutrition, but fats are not fully digestible due to inadequate bowel function. We propose to predigest the fat using a small cartridge attached to the feeding tube to allow for rapid absorption with the possibility of reducing or eliminating the need for intravenous nutrition. Goal of the observational study is to determine safety and tolerability of Relizorb Enzyme Cartridge for an additional 90 days after the original trial
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes two idiopathic chronic relapsing and remitting inflammatory conditions affecting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC)Malnutrition and significant alteration of body composition are common in inflammatory bowel disease patients, whereby the prevalence of malnutrition may be up to 82.8% in CD patients with active disease, and up to 38.9% in CD patients in remission. Many CD patients have low muscle mass and function (sarcopenia) with drivers of such pathophysiology unknown. 41.6% of CD patients with sarcopenia require surgery, with the surgical trauma and resulting inactivity leading to further muscle mass loss such that the chronic inflammatory insult associated with refractory disease may be linked to advanced muscle mass depletion. The majority of adult CD patients have low muscle mass even in clinical remission indicating the poorly reversible nature of this phenomenon. Chronic disease burden may therefore be important in the accentuation of muscle loss. Muscle mass is maintained through the daily balance of MPS and muscle protein breakdown (MPB), with the essential amino acid (EAA) components of a meal and muscle contraction being the primary stimulators of MPS. Patients with active CD show a significant decrease in the expression of proteins in hypertrophic signalling pathways (Akt, P70S6K1) with no change in the expression of atrophic signalling (MAFbx, MuRF1). Also, adult CD patients with established disease consume less protein compared to matched healthy volunteers (HV). Furthermore, the intestinal motility, measured using cine-MRI, is reduced in active CD, possibly further decreasing intestinal digestion and absorption of dietary peptides. In general, the malabsorption is a major contributing factor to malnourishment in CD. It has been shown that in male paediatric patients with long-term CD, muscle metabolism is perturbed by a negative branched-chain amino acid balance in the forearm, with this variable linked to lower appendicular muscle mass, higher muscle fatigue and reduced protein intake, CD may have a significant effect on protein digestion and absorption, and blunt the MPS response to feeding, leading to a chronic muscle mass reduction that may persist even when in remission. The EAA components of a protein meal are crucial for the stimulation of muscle protein synthesis (MPS), and all the EAA/leucine play a key role in driving MPS. Low serum levels EAA/leucine have been reported in CD but their role in the aetiology of sarcopenia in CD is unknown. Further, how CD affects the protein digestion/absorption and how this contributes to low EAA/leucine unclear. Recent advances in stable isotope tracer techniques using a dual tracer methodology now enable a more accurate determination of protein digestibility. By following the appearance of intrinsically labelled AAs into the blood upon digestion of the intrinsically labelled protein, alongside the appearance of label-free AAs, protein digestibility can be accurately determined. Further, by collecting a muscle biopsy postprandially, the direct incorporation of AA from the digested protein into the muscle can be determined- providing a gold standard method for investigating anabolic resistance. Project aim is to use an intrinsically labelled casein to investigate protein digestion, absorption and MPS responses in CD patients. To achieve this, investigators will investigate protein digestion, absorption and muscle protein synthesis responses in Crohn's disease patients and healthy volunteers by utilising intrinsically labelled protein.
In this phase II trial, the investigators overarching goal is to demonstrate the feasibility and potential benefit of darbepoetin (Darbe) plus slow-release intravenous (IV) iron to decrease transfusions, maintain iron sufficiency and improve the neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants. Investigators hypothesize that in infants < 32 completed weeks of gestation, combined treatment with Darbe plus Ferumoxytol (FMX) or Darbe plus low molecular weight iron dextran (LMW-ID) will: 1) be safe, 2) decrease or eliminate transfusions, 3) maintain iron sufficiency, 4) result in higher hematocrit and 5) improve neurodevelopment. Investigators further hypothesize that when compared to oral iron supplementation (standard care), IV iron will be better tolerated, with less effect on the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome
The purpose of this study is to examine the pattern of plasma amino acid appearance after a two-week daily regimen of milk protein concentrate supplementation with and without the addition of Bacillus coagulans GBI-30, 6086 among older women.
Dietary incorporation of pulse crops may be an effective way to lower unhealthy elevations in serum bile acids. These elevations play a direct role in promoting obesity-related diseases estimated to be present in about one third of the US adult population, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes. The overarching hypothesis for this study is that pulse consumption increases bile acid secretion and excretion, which will decrease toxicity linked to excess accumulation of bile in the liver, improve metabolism, and lower resulting levels of bile acids in the serum. In direct alignment with the USDA-AFRI Food, Safety, Nutrition, and Health priority to address obesity and related chronic disease with increased fruit and vegetable consumption and also with the American Pulse Association call to investigate the impact of regular pulse consumption on human physical well- being, the long-term research goal of this study is to establish effective and practical therapeutic strategies utilizing dietary incorporation of pulse crops to prevent or reverse obesity driven diseases. The specific objectives in this proposal are to: 1. determine the impact of acute lentil ingestion on serum postprandial bile acid responses and composition in a human cohort with obesity, and 2. determine the impact of daily lentil consumption for 12 weeks on serum fasting and postprandial bile acid concentrations and composition in an overweight or obese cohort with elevated postprandial triglycerides. This proposal is being submitted in response to the American Pulse Association commodity board sponsored topic of investigating the impact pulse crop consumption on health.