Rectal Cancer, Adjuvant Chemotherapy, FOLFOX(5-fluorouracil/Leucovorin/Oxaliplatin), Total Mesorectal Excision

Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Clinical Trial

Official title:

Adjuvant Chemotherapy With FOLFOX After Total Mesorectal Excision for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer; an Open-label, Multicenter, Prospective, Randomized Phase 3 Trial

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Active, not recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT02167321
• Other study ID #: 4-2014-0239
• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Phase: Phase 2
• Start date: December 2014
• Est. completion date: August 2021

Study information

• Verified date: April 2021
• Source: Yonsei University
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The introduction of total mesorectal excision (TME) and the progress of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has significantly reduced the risk of local recurrence in locally advanced rectal cancer. However, systemic recurrence rate is not being improved and that is considered as the cause of unsatisfactory overall survival of patients with rectal cancer. Relatively higher systemic relapse rate than local recurrence rate is probably due to the insufficient control of systemic micrometastasis during adjuvant chemotherapy. The efficacy of adjuvant combination cytotoxic chemotherapy after surgery in treatment of rectal cancer remains controversial. In addition, preoperative radiotherapy increases surgical complication such as anastomosis site leakage and radiotherapy itself worsen sexual and urinary function and bowel habit which result in aggravation of the quality of life. Furthermore the preoperative chemoradiotherapy upto 3 months not only extends treatment period but increases cost of care. To reduce the possibility of overtreatment, it is needed to confirm that the preoperative chemoradiotherapy is absolutely necessary to locally advanced rectal cancer patients with safe circumferential margin (CRM) resected curatively by standardized TME operation.

In this study, investigators aim to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy after TME without preoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer having spared CRM are not inferior to that of current standard treatment.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Enrollment: 90
• Est. completion date: August 2021
• Est. primary completion date: May 2019
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 19 Years to 80 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the rectum below 10 cm from the anal verge

2. Locally advanced rectal cancer (T3N0 or T1-3N+)

3. Age: 19-80 years old.

4. Without evidence of distant metastasis including paraortic lymph node, common & external iliac lymph node metastasis

5. MRI scan confirmed more than 2 mm circumferential margin

6. ECOG(Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) performance status 0-2

7. preoperative ASA class I-III

8. No prior systemic treatment for rectal cancer (i.e. chemotherapy or immunotherapy)

9. No history of regional radiation treatment in the pelvic cavity

10. Adequate hematologic function: ANC(absolute neutrophil count) = 1.5×109/L,Platelet = 100×109/L, Adequate renal function: Cr = 1.5×ULN or Glomerular filtration rate (Ccr calculated by Cockcroft formula) = 50 ml/min, Adequate hepatic function: ALT(Alanine aminotransferase)/AST(aspartate aminotransferase) = 2.5×ULN, Total bilirubin = 1.5×ULN

11. Patients must be willing and able to comply with the protocol duration of the study

12. Signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Malignancy of the rectum other than adenocarcinoma or adenocarcinoma developed from inflammatory bowel disease

2. Suspicious distant metastasis

3. Patients with peripheral neuropathy = NCI CTC(common terminology criteria) grade 1

4. Uncontrolled and significant cardiovascular disease (i.e. NYHA(New York Heart Association) class III or IV heart failure, myocardial infarction within the past 6 months, uncontrolled angina pectoris)

5. Uncontrolled active infection or serious concomitant systemic disorders incompatible with the study

6. Other co-existing malignancy or malignancy within the past 5 years, with the exception of adequately treated in situ carcinoma of the cervix or basal cell carcinoma of the skin

7. Patients requiring immunosuppressive treatment who received organ transplantation

8. Uncontrolled epilepsy and psychiatric disease

9. Pregnant or lactating patient

10. Females with a positive or no pregnancy test unless childbearing potential can be otherwise excluded (amenorrheic for at least 2 years,hysterectomy or oophorectomy)

11. Patients receiving a concomitant treatment with drugs interacting with 5-Fluorouracil or oxaliplatin such as flucytosine, phenytoin, or warfarin

12. Prior unanticipated severe reaction to fluoropyrimidine therapy, or known hypersensitivity to 5-Fluorouracil or known dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency.

13. Known hypersensitivity to platinum-based drugs, leucovorin or capecitabine

14. Patients taking sorivudine or brivudine

15. Patients taking tegafur, gimeracil, oteracil potassium complex or stopped the medication within 7days before.

16. Patients who have hereditary disease like as galactose intolerance, Lapp lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption, etc.

17. Participant in any clinical trial within 4 weeks before initiation of the study

18. Treatment with bevacizumab, cetuximab, oxaliplatin or irinotecan before screening

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
• Rectal Neoplasms

Intervention

Drug:
• Arm A : standard neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy group
radiation : 45Gy±5.4Gy/28Fx/5.5weeks concurrent chemoradiotherapy : 5-FU (400 mg/m2, IV bolus on D1-3, D29-31), leucovorin (20 mg/m2, IV bolus on D1-3, D29-31), preoperative capecitabine : 825 mg/m² p.o. twice daily during XRT, postoperative FL : 5-FU (400 mg/m2, IV bolus)+leucovorin (20m g/m2, IV bolus) on days 1-5 of each 28 day postoperative capecitabine : 1250 mg/m² p.o. twice daily on days 1-14 of each 21 day cycle FOLFOX : oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2, IV over 2 hours on day 1 of each 14 day cycle, leucovorin 200 mg/m2, IV over 2 hours on day 1 of each 14 day cycle, 5-FU 400 mg/m2, IV bolus on day 1 followed by 1200mg/m2 IV over 24 hours on days 1 and 2 of each 14 day cycle
• Arm B : adjuvant FOLFOX group
FOLFOX : oxaliplatin (85 mg/m2, IV over 2 hours on day 1 of each 14 day cycle), leucovorin (200 mg/m2, IV over 2 hours on day 1 of each 14 day cycle), 5-FU (400 mg/m2, IV bolus on day 1 followed by 1200mg/m2 IV over 24 hours on days 1 and 2 of each 14 day cycle) postoperative irradiation(if needed) : 54Gy/30Fx/6weeks

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Korea, Republic of	Severance Hospital	Seoul

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Yonsei University

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Korea, Republic of, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Disease free survival (DFS)		3 years
Secondary	Disease free survival (DFS)		5 years
Secondary	Overall survival (OS)		3 years and 5 years
Secondary	Local recurrence rate		3 years and 5 years
Secondary	Systemic recurrence rate		3 years and 5 years
Secondary	Total score for function of urination (IPSS) and defecation (Wexner's score)		1 month and 6 months after surgery
Secondary	Evaluation for rate of various events after surgery		14 days after surgery