Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes in West Africans

Hypertension Clinical Trial

Official title: Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes in Diverse Populations

Status Recruiting

Clinical Trial Summary

Background:

• Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated complications are major contributors to the global disease burden. T2D is already a major health threat in populations in developed countries and is rapidly taking hold in the developing world.

• It is believed that understanding the complex interplay between genetic and lifestyle characteristics in the etiology of T2D and related complications will lead to the development of better preventive and therapeutic strategies. In Addition, the results of this project will facilitate our understanding of causes of diabetes in African Americans, other US and world populations

Objectives:

• To conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify susceptibility genetic variants for diabetes among the Yoruba people in Ibadan, Nigeria.

• To enroll and examine 300 unrelated cases of T2D and 300 ethnicity-matched Yoruba controls.

• To conduct resequencing of positional candidate gene/loci to identify likely functional variants in a subset of the cohort.

• To conduct replication studies of the top-100 scoring variants in three independent African and European ancestry samples.

• To investigate whether diabetes-associated variants discovered in European populations increase diabetes risk in West Africans.

Eligibility:

• Patients 18 years of age with confirmed T2D who are newly diagnosed or on treatment of Yoruba ethnicity in Ibadan, Nigeria. Control subjects are nondiabetics ethnically matched to patients.

Design:

• The study design for both patients and controls consists of the following steps:

• Discuss informed consent process and obtain signed informed consent form. Informed consent will be administered by trained clinic staff.

• Assign study ID (barcode)

• Administer questionnaires

• Obtain spot urine sample

• Measure blood pressure

• Obtain anthropometric measurements including body composition

• Perform finger prick for blood glucose level

• Obtain venous blood samples

• Perform eye examination

• On the following day, perform confirmatory blood glucose for the small subset of participants requiring confirmation of previous test result DNA extraction of stored samples will be done at either the National Institutes of Health or the laboratory in Nigeria.

• GWAS will be conducted using publicly available software packages.

Clinical Trial Description

This research protocol is designed to study the genetic basis of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and related conditions in Africa. This project, the Africa America Diabetes Mellitus (AADM) Study, has been continuously funded for over a decade by multiple institutes at NIH including an R01 grant from the NIDDK to Dr. Rotimi when he was a Professor at Howard University. As a result, the AADM study has a well-established international infrastructure with long-standing collaborators. While previous phases of this study have included related individuals, we are currently only enrolling unrelated T2D cases and controls in order to facilitate genome-wide association studies (GWAS) or similar types of genetic analyses for which unrelated datasets are optimal. In total, we anticipate enrolling 10,000 cases and controls from 5 centers in West Africa (Enugu, Ibadan and Lagos in Nigeria; Accra and Kumasi in Ghana). By sampling from these regions, we will be enrolling individuals representing primarily 4 major ethnic groups (the Yoruba, Ibo, Akan, and Ga), as well as a low number of individuals from a variety of other ethnic groups. To date, we have enrolled 6,486 individuals. These data will be used for a variety of genetic analyses, including association studies based on genome-wide array data, exome chip array and candidate gene/loci datasets, linkage disequilibrium (LD) mapping, and functional studies in different ethnically-defined populations. At each site, efforts will be made to enroll ethnically balanced cases and controls with the goal of facilitating the conduct of GWAS and candidate gene/loci studies in a broad range of populations. To further understand the complex metabolic background of T2D and its consequences, this data will also be explored with respect to a variety of T2D-related traits, including obesity, hypertension, serum lipids, inflammation, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Additionally, these samples will be used to study genetic variation in the context of how participants of different ancestry respond to drugs and other environmental factors and how this variation may have shaped population history. Overall, these studies aim to further our understanding of the genetic basis of T2D in African individuals. Given past activities, it is also anticipated that this resource will form the basis of multiple collaborations between Dr. Rotimi s lab, several NIH intramural researchers and non-NIH scientists. It is hoped that, over time, additional populations from Africa and beyond may be added to this study to expand the focus on individuals from varying ancestral backgrounds; each subsequent population will use the same procedures as in the ongoing work among Africans. ;

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Diabetes
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Hypertension

• NCT number: NCT00837122
• Study type: Observational
• Source: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
• Contact: Shirley Freeman
• Phone: (301) 451-2302
• Email: freemansh@mail.nih.gov
• Status: Recruiting
• Start date: February 3, 2009