Healthy Clinical Trial
Official title:
Choline Nutritional Status: Development of a Biomarker Panel
Verified date | October 2022 |
Source | University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill |
Contact | n/a |
Is FDA regulated | No |
Health authority | |
Study type | Interventional |
People who eat diets low in choline should deplete their choline (Cho) stores, and measurements of Cho pool size using isotope dilution should reflect this depletion. Investigators will identify a biomarker panel that correlates well with measured Cho pool size across the range of different degrees of depletion.The investigators propose that, as body stores of Cho diminish, cells and organs will reach the point when metabolism/function in the cell is altered, and that this will result in a progression of changes in biomarkers that reflect Cho status.
Status | Completed |
Enrollment | 101 |
Est. completion date | October 20, 2021 |
Est. primary completion date | October 20, 2021 |
Accepts healthy volunteers | Accepts Healthy Volunteers |
Gender | All |
Age group | 17 Years to 70 Years |
Eligibility | Inclusion Criteria: - Provision of signed and dated informed consent form - Weigh 130-177lbs (or if over 177 must have BMI under 28) - Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study - Male or female, aged 17-70 years - In good general health as evidenced by medical history, clinical chemistries, physical exam, and BMI= 30 or if over 177lbs with a BMI under 28 - Women who are included in the study and are of pregnancy potential will have a urine pregnancy test at the beginning and end of each dietary intervention arm and must be using some form of birth control during the study. Exclusion Criteria: - using drugs or medication known to be damaging to liver or muscle at typically prescribed doses or that have the potential to alter Cho metabolism (e.g., methotrexate); - history of hepatic, renal, or other chronic systemic disease. - subjects with liver abnormalities (e.g.cysts) as determined by ultrasound - current smokers - consume >2 alcoholic beverages/d or >14/wk - substance abusers or drug addicted - eating unusual diet that would interfere with the study - food allergies, (e.g., soy) or any problems with eating all foods on required study diet - using Cho-containing dietary supplements - women who are breastfeeding, pregnant, or plan to become pregnant due to potential risk to fetus/child of low choline diet - performing intense exercise of more than 1 hour a day or other intense muscle building exercise (such as weightlifting beyond low weight repetitions) - Actively participating in other research study where required to exercise or ingest any food, medicine, or supplement in any manner - have been screened for this study between August and March and have not provided proof of flu vaccination prior to enrollment |
Country | Name | City | State |
---|---|---|---|
United States | UNC Chapel Hill Nutrition Research Institute | Kannapolis | North Carolina |
Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
---|---|
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) |
United States,
Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Other | SNPs That Create Inefficiencies in Choline Metabolism Associated With Change in Choline Pool Size and Choline Biomarkers | Exploratory analysis of >2 million SNPs measured on a custom Illumina Expanded Multi-Ethnic genotyping array (Mega-Ex). The same analysis described for Outcome 4 will be applied for Outcome 7. Benjamini-Hochberg method for False Discovery Rate (FDR) correction will be used for multiple testing correction. | At baseline visit | |
Primary | Ratio of Liver Choline Pool Size by Isotope Dilution | The liver choline pool determined by the dilution of the deuterated choline metabolites formed in liver and released to plasma as measured by isotopic enrichment ratio (IER). The IER for a given metabolite is defined as the concentration of a deuterated metabolite divided by the sum of deuterated and non-deuterated metabolite. | 24 hours following administration of choline-d9 on day 12 of respective dietary intervention | |
Primary | Difference in Choline Deficiency Signature | Plasma choline metabolites (micromolar): choline, dimethylglycine, betaine, phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, trimethylamine-oxide, and homocysteine measured by targeted metabolomic profiling. The signature for choline deficiency is defined by choline <0.793 mmol/L or betaine <34.9 mmol/L. The levels of these metabolites at the end of each intervention will be compared. The association between choline metabolites and choline pool size will be investigated. | At the end of 2 weeks of respective Cho diet | |
Primary | Comparison of Choline Pool Size Between Participants With and Without Choline Metabolites Signature During Cho Depletion | The 25% Cho arm was selected because only at that intake level is sufficient depletion achieved. Participants with plasma choline <0.793 mmol/L or betaine <34.9 mmol/L were considered as choline depleted (showing signature), participants with plasma choline >=0.793 mmol/L and betaine >=34.9 mmol/L were considered as not choline depleted (not showing signature). Available choline pool size was determined by the dilution of the deuterated choline metabolites formed in liver and released to plasma as measured by isotopic enrichment ratio (IER). The IER for a given metabolite is defined as the concentration of a deuterated metabolite divided by the sum of deuterated and non-deuterated metabolite. | 24 hours following administration of choline-d9 on day 12 of 25% Cho diet | |
Primary | Ion Abundance (Intensity) of Metabolites as Indicators of the Intake of 25%, 50%, or 100% Choline in the Diet. The Ratio of the Intensity of Metabolite Signals for Each Dietary Group Can be Calculated and Correlated With the Level of Choline in the Diet | Metabolomics was conducted on plasma that was collected from individuals at the end of each 2-week diet period. UHPLC High Resolution Mass Spectrometry was used for differential profiling (PMID: 33415121). Supervised Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis was used to determine signals that differentiated the 25% choline dietary group from the 100% choline dietary group. Metabolites that differentiated the 25% and 100% choline dietary groups with variable importance to projection (VIP) >1 and p-value < 0.05 are reported. The signals for these metabolites were matched by retention time, exact mass, and MS/MS to standards run on the same platform. Because this is a differential profiling method (not quantitative), the mean and standard deviation of peak intensities detected on the untargeted platform are reported. Results are reported for the selected metabolites for the 25%, 50%, and 100% choline dietary groups. Ratios can be obtained by division of the intensity data. | At the end of 2 weeks of respective Cho diet | |
Primary | Comparison of Choline Pool Size Between Participants With Different Genotypes in Phosphatidylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PEMT) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP rs12325817) | DNA was collected and evaluated for the presence of the PEMT SNP rs12325817. Genotypes was measured by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The magnitude of changes in choline pool size as measured by IER at the end of each dietary intervention was compared among subjects with different genotypes in the PEMT SNP. Linear mixed model with repeated measures was performed for each group (healthy males, pre- and postmenopausal females) separately to study the genotype effect and genotype x diet interaction effect on choline pool size. | 24 hours following administration of choline-d9 on day 12 of respective dietary intervention | |
Primary | Change in Liver Fat Content Based on CAP Values | Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) as measured by Fibroscan is an ultrasound-based technique to measure liver fat. This method will be used with other biomarkers to indicate functional signs of choline status. | Day 1 and Day 15 of respective Cho diet | |
Secondary | Validation of Isotope Dilution Method to Assess Choline Pool Size by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) | MRS is a direct measurement of liver choline content. Changes in liver choline by MRS should correlate with changes in liver choline inferred by calculation of isotope enrichment ratio (IER) of plasma metabolites. Pearson correlation coefficient used to study the correlation between data generated from the two types of measurements. | At the end of 2 weeks of respective Cho diet |
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