Short-term Outcomes of Elective High-risk PCI With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support: a Single-centre Registry

Coronary Artery Disease Clinical Trial

Official title:

Short-term Outcomes of Elective High-risk PCI With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support: a Single-centre Registry

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05387902
• Other study ID #: 113382
• Status: Completed
• Start date: February 3, 2022
• Est. completion date: March 22, 2022

Study information

• Verified date: May 2022
• Source: Radboud University Medical Center
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational [Patient Registry]

Clinical Trial Summary

Background Revascularization of complex coronary artery disease, including multivessel coronary artery disease, left main stenosis, bifurcation stenosis and chronic total occlusions (CTO) can be performed by Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) or Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG), according to current guidelines.[1] In order to decide whether to revascularize by either CABG or PCI, patient characteristics, the presence of comorbidities, including diabetes, and coronary lesion complexity (e.g. SYNTAX) should be taken into consideration. Because of the ageing population with a higher incidence of comorbidities and higher surgical risk scores, high-risk PCI in complex coronary disease with high risk for periprocedural cardiogenic shock is increasingly performed.[2, 3] Mechanical Circulatory Support (MCS) devices for elective high-risk PCI can provide hemodynamic support, preventing hemodynamic failure during PCI. Several studies are performed using Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP) and co-axial left cardiac support device (Impella device (Abiomed, Danvers, USA)), showing no clear benefits in patients with high-risk PCI.[4-6] Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is a recent addition to mechanical support options, providing more extensive hemodynamic support in patients with potential or ongoing failure of circulation. This concept is already demonstrated in the setting of Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (ECPR).[7, 8] ECMO has the additional benefits of right ventricular unloading and blood oxygenation as opposed to IABP and Impella.[9] Our experience with fully percutaneous VA-ECMO in cardiogenic shock and for ECPR combined with the experience for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) with local anaesthesia and mild sedation resulted in the selection of VA-ECMO as our preferred method in high risk PCI. Studies investigating the use of VA-ECMO support during high-risk PCI are however limited.[10-13]

Objective The aim of this study is to provide additional data concerning the short-term outcomes of elective high-risk PCI with VA-ECMO in a single PCI centre.

Methods Design We will perform a single-centre, retrospective registry, using data collected from medical records of included patients.

Inclusion criteria

• Patients older than 18 years, who underwent high-risk PCI with VA-ECMO support.

• The use of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) is indicated by HeartTeam based on patient and lesion characteristics described in the expert consensus on the use of MCS Devices for high-risk PCI. [14]

Exclusion criteria

• Non-elective PCI with VA-ECMO support, primarily applied for cardiogenic shock or ECPR.

Study Procedures All patients older than 18 years who underwent high-risk PCI with VA-ECMO support will be included in the registry. Baseline patient and angiographic characteristics, ECMO characteristics and short-term outcomes, described in the paragraph 'Study Endpoints and Definitions' will be collected from medical records.

The Dutch Act on Medical Research involving Human Subjects (WMO) does not apply to this study, because of the retrospective design of the study using only medical records and consequently patients are not subjected to additional procedures. Therefore, no written informed consent will be obtained from patients or legal representatives as well.

Data Collection All data will be collected in a cloud-based electronic case report form (eCRF, Castor Electronic Data Capture), which will be developed and managed by investigators in the Radboudumc. Only members of the study team will have access to the patient eCRFs and will be allowed to enter data in the system. The study team exists of the investigators mentioned earlier. The study team will collect the data from medical records and enter the data in Castor. All patient data will be encoded. Only the investigators involved will have access to the patient identification key.

Study Endpoints and Definitions Successful revascularization is defined as final residual stenosis <50% with a TIMI flow grade 3, achieved in at least one of the target vessels. Procedural success is defined as angiographic success without the occurrence of peri-procedural MACE, including death and myocardial infarction (MI). Additionally, MACE will be assessed during hospital stay and within 60-days follow-up after discharge and defined as a composite of death, MI, Target Vessel Revascularization (TVR) by PCI or CABG and clinical bleeding, assessed by the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) scale. Bleeding complications of type 2 and higher are included.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 25
• Est. completion date: March 22, 2022
• Est. primary completion date: February 8, 2022
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: N/A and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients older than 18 years, who underwent high-risk PCI with VA-ECMO support.

• The use of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) is indicated by HeartTeam based on patient and lesion characteristics described in the expert consensus on the use of MCS Devices for high-risk PCI.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Non-elective PCI with VA-ECMO support, primarily applied for cardiogenic shock or ECPR.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Coronary Artery Disease

Intervention

Device:
• Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Patients with high-risk PCI receive mechanical circulatory support with ECMO.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Netherlands	Radboud University Medical Centre	Nijmegen

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Robert Jan van Geuns

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Netherlands, 

References & Publications (14)

Bougouin W, Dumas F, Lamhaut L, Marijon E, Carli P, Combes A, Pirracchio R, Aissaoui N, Karam N, Deye N, Sideris G, Beganton F, Jost D, Cariou A, Jouven X; Sudden Death Expertise Center investigators. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a registry study. Eur Heart J. 2020 Jun 1;41(21):1961-1971. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz753. — View Citation

Henriques JP, Remmelink M, Baan J Jr, van der Schaaf RJ, Vis MM, Koch KT, Scholten EW, de Mol BA, Tijssen JG, Piek JJ, de Winter RJ. Safety and feasibility of elective high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention procedures with left ventricular support of the Impella Recover LP 2.5. Am J Cardiol. 2006 Apr 1;97(7):990-2. Epub 2006 Feb 13. — View Citation

Neumann FJ, Sousa-Uva M, Ahlsson A, Alfonso F, Banning AP, Benedetto U, Byrne RA, Collet JP, Falk V, Head SJ, Jüni P, Kastrati A, Koller A, Kristensen SD, Niebauer J, Richter DJ, Seferovic PM, Sibbing D, Stefanini GG, Windecker S, Yadav R, Zembala MO; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2018 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial revascularization. Eur Heart J. 2019 Jan 7;40(2):87-165. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy394. Erratum in: Eur Heart J. 2019 Oct 1;40(37):3096. — View Citation

Perera D, Stables R, Clayton T, De Silva K, Lumley M, Clack L, Thomas M, Redwood S; BCIS-1 Investigators. Long-term mortality data from the balloon pump-assisted coronary intervention study (BCIS-1): a randomized, controlled trial of elective balloon counterpulsation during high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention. Circulation. 2013 Jan 15;127(2):207-12. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.132209. Epub 2012 Dec 6. — View Citation

Perera D, Stables R, Thomas M, Booth J, Pitt M, Blackman D, de Belder A, Redwood S; BCIS-1 Investigators. Elective intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation during high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2010 Aug 25;304(8):867-74. doi: 10.1001/jama.2010.1190. — View Citation

Rihal CS, Naidu SS, Givertz MM, Szeto WY, Burke JA, Kapur NK, Kern M, Garratt KN, Goldstein JA, Dimas V, Tu T; Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI), Heart Failure Society of America (HFSA), Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS), American Heart Association (AHA), and American College of Cardiology (ACC). 2015 SCAI/ACC/HFSA/STS Clinical Expert Consensus Statement on the Use of Percutaneous Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices in Cardiovascular Care: Endorsed by the American Heart Association, the Cardiological Society of India, and Sociedad Latino Americana de Cardiología Intervencionista; Affirmation of Value by the Canadian Association of Interventional Cardiology-Association Canadienne de Cardiologie d'intervention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015 May 19;65(19):2140-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.02.043. Epub 2015 Apr 7. — View Citation

Shaukat A, Hryniewicz-Czeneszew K, Sun B, Mudy K, Wilson K, Tajti P, Stanberry L, Garberich R, Sandoval Y, Burke MN, Chavez I, Gössl M, Henry T, Lips D, Mooney M, Poulose A, Sorajja P, Traverse J, Wang Y, Bradley S, Brilakis ES. Outcomes of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support for Complex High-Risk Elective Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: A Single-Center Experience and Review of the Literature. J Invasive Cardiol. 2018 Dec;30(12):456-460. Review. — View Citation

Spiro J, Doshi SN. Use of left ventricular support devices during acute coronary syndrome and percutaneous coronary intervention. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2014 Dec;16(12):544. doi: 10.1007/s11886-014-0544-x. Review. — View Citation

Tomasello SD, Boukhris M, Ganyukov V, Galassi AR, Shukevich D, Haes B, Kochergin N, Tarasov R, Popov V, Barbarash L. Outcome of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for complex high-risk elective percutaneous coronary interventions: A single-center experience. Heart Lung. 2015 Jul-Aug;44(4):309-13. doi: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2015.03.005. Epub 2015 Apr 23. — View Citation

Vainer J, van Ommen V, Maessen J, Geskes G, Lamerichs L, Waltenberger J. Elective high-risk percutaneous coronary interventions supported by extracorporeal life support. Am J Cardiol. 2007 Mar 15;99(6):771-3. Epub 2007 Jan 22. — View Citation

Valgimigli M, Tebaldi M, Borghesi M, Vranckx P, Campo G, Tumscitz C, Cangiano E, Minarelli M, Scalone A, Cavazza C, Marchesini J, Parrinello G; PRODIGY Investigators. Two-year outcomes after first- or second-generation drug-eluting or bare-metal stent implantation in all-comer patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a pre-specified analysis from the PRODIGY study (PROlonging Dual Antiplatelet Treatment After Grading stent-induced Intimal hyperplasia studY). JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2014 Jan;7(1):20-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2013.09.008. Epub 2013 Dec 11. — View Citation

van den Brink FS, Meijers TA, Hofma SH, van Boven AJ, Nap A, Vonk A, Symersky P, Sjauw KD, Knaapen P. Prophylactic veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in patients undergoing high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention. Neth Heart J. 2020 Mar;28(3):139-144. doi: 10.1007/s12471-019-01350-8. — View Citation

Waldo SW, Secemsky EA, O'Brien C, Kennedy KF, Pomerantsev E, Sundt TM 3rd, McNulty EJ, Scirica BM, Yeh RW. Surgical ineligibility and mortality among patients with unprotected left main or multivessel coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Circulation. 2014 Dec 23;130(25):2295-301. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.011541. Epub 2014 Nov 12. — View Citation

Yannopoulos D, Bartos J, Raveendran G, Walser E, Connett J, Murray TA, Collins G, Zhang L, Kalra R, Kosmopoulos M, John R, Shaffer A, Frascone RJ, Wesley K, Conterato M, Biros M, Tolar J, Aufderheide TP. Advanced reperfusion strategies for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and refractory ventricular fibrillation (ARREST): a phase 2, single centre, open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2020 Dec 5;396(10265):1807-1816. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32338-2. Epub 2020 Nov 13. — View Citation

* Note: There are 14 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Major Adverse Cardiac Events	Composite of death, MI, Target Vessel Revascularization (TVR) by PCI or CABG and clinical bleeding, assessed by the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) scale	from PCI procedure up to hospital discharge, an average of 7 days
Primary	Major Adverse Cardiac Events	Composite of death, MI, Target Vessel Revascularization (TVR) by PCI or CABG	within 60 days after discharge
Secondary	Succesful Revascularization	Final residual stenosis <50% with a TIMI flow grade 3, achieved in at least one of the target vessels	During PCI Procedure
Secondary	Procedural Success	Angiographic success without the occurrence of peri-procedural MACE, including death and myocardial infarction (MI)	During PCI Procedure