Outcome
Type |
Measure |
Description |
Time frame |
Safety issue |
Primary |
Changes of health-related physical fitness components (1). |
Aerobic capacity is assessed using multi-stage 20 meters shuttle run test (the maximum number of repetitions). |
Changes from baseline aerobic capacity at 12 weeks |
|
Primary |
Changes of health-related physical fitness components (2). |
Muscular endurance is assessed using sit-up test for 30 seconds (the maximum number of repetitions). |
Changes from baseline muscular endurance at 12 weeks |
|
Primary |
Changes of health-related physical fitness components (3). |
Muscular strength is assessed by the maximum voluntary strength of handgrip (kg). |
Changes from baseline muscular strength at 12 weeks |
|
Primary |
Changes of health-related physical fitness components (4). |
Muscular power is assessed using standing long jump test (the maximum horizontal distance of two trials, cm). |
Changes from baseline muscular power at 12 weeks |
|
Primary |
Changes of health-related physical fitness components (5). |
Agility is assessed using 10 meters agility shuttle run test (the time taken to complete a 10 meters course is recorded, seconds). |
Changes from baseline agility at 12 weeks |
|
Primary |
Changes of health-related physical fitness components (6). |
Flexibility is assessed using sit and reach test (the greater distance of two trials, cm) |
Changes from baseline flexibility at 12 weeks |
|
Primary |
Changes of anthropometric parameters (1). |
Waist circumference is measured at the midpoint between the lower rib margin and the iliac crest (expressed in cm). |
Changes from baseline waist circumference at 12 weeks |
|
Primary |
Changes of anthropometric parameters (2). |
BMI calculated as body weight / height (kg per square meters). |
Changes from baseline BMI at 12 weeks |
|
Primary |
Changes of body composition parameters (1). |
Body fat mass is measured by a bio-impedance analyzer (expressed as kg). |
Changes from baseline body fat mass at 12 weeks |
|
Primary |
Changes of body composition parameters (2). |
Lean body mass is measured by a bio-impedance analyzer (expressed as kg). |
Changes from baseline lean body mass at 12 weeks |
|
Primary |
Changes of body composition parameters (3). |
Percentage body fat is calculated as body fat mass (kg) divided by weight (kg). |
Changes from baseline percentage body fat at 12 weeks |
|
Primary |
Changes of serum levels of Wnt signaling-related molecules (1). |
The serum concentration of DKK1 is measured by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (Minimal detectable density, 15.6 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 31.2 - 2,000 pg/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of DKK1 at 12 weeks |
|
Primary |
Changes of serum levels of Wnt signaling-related molecules (2). |
The serum concentration of sclerostin is measured by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (Minimal detectable density, 6.96 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 7.49 - 1,820 pg/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of Sclerostin at 12 weeks |
|
Primary |
Changes of serum levels of Wnt signaling-related molecules (3). |
The serum concentration of SFRP1 is measured by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (Minimal detectable density, 53 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 156 - 10,000 pg/ml, USCN Life Science Inc.). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of SFRP1 at 12 weeks |
|
Primary |
Changes of serum levels of Wnt signaling-related molecules (4). |
The serum concentration of ß-catenin is measured by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (Minimal detectable density, 3.9 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 15.6 - 1000 pg/ml, Cusabio Biotech). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of ß-catenin at 12 weeks |
|
Primary |
Changes of serum levels of Wnt signaling-related molecules (5). |
The serum concentration of WISP-1 is measured by commercial chemiluminescent immunoassay kits (Minimal detectable density, 0.97 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 2.74 - 2,000 pg/ml, USCN Life Science Inc.). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of WISP-1 at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of cancer-related molecules (1). |
The serum concentration of osteoprotegerin is measured using commercial luminex multiplexed cytokine assay panels (Minimal detectable density, 3.62 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 81.4 - 19,770 pg/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of osteoprotegerin at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of cancer-related molecules (2). |
The serum concentration of osteopontin is measured using commercial luminex multiplexed cytokine assay panels (Minimal detectable density, 413 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 3.4 - 826.9 ng/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of osteopontin at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of cancer-related molecules (3). |
The serum concentration of GDF-15 is measured using commercial luminex multiplexed cytokine assay panels (Minimal detectable density, 1.2 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 34 - 8,270 pg/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of GDF-15 at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of adipokines (1). |
The serum concentration of adiponectin is measured by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (Minimal detectable density, 0.891 ng/ml; Standard curve range, 3.9 - 250 ng/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of adiponectin at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of adipokines (2). |
The serum concentration of leptin is measured by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (Minimal detectable density, 7.8 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 15.6 - 1,000 ng/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of leptin at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of myokines (1). |
The serum concentration of BDNF is measured using commercial luminex multiplexed cytokine assay panels (Minimal detectable density, 0.32 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 10.9 - 2,650 pg/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of BDNF at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of myokines (2). |
The serum concentration of IL-8 is measured using commercial luminex multiplexed cytokine assay panels (Minimal detectable density, 1.8 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 8.19 - 1,990 pg/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of IL-8 at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of myokines (3). |
The serum concentration of IL-15 is measured using commercial luminex multiplexed cytokine assay panels (Minimal detectable density, 1.01 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 7.7 - 18,700 pg/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of IL-15 at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of myokines (4). |
The serum concentration of FABP3 is measured using commercial luminex multiplexed cytokine assay panels (Minimal detectable density, 472 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 1.3 - 312.2 ng/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of FABP3 at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of myokines (5). |
The serum concentration of LIF is measured using commercial luminex multiplexed cytokine assay panels (Minimal detectable density, 9.31 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 68.1 - 16,550 pg/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of LIF at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of myokines (6). |
The serum concentration of follistatin is measured using commercial luminex multiplexed cytokine assay panels (Minimal detectable density, 133 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 2.6 - 650 ng/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of follistatin at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of myokines (7). |
The serum concentration of fractalkine is measured using commercial luminex multiplexed cytokine assay panels (Minimal detectable density, 64.8 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 1.3 - 325.8 ng/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of fractalkine at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of myokines (8). |
The serum concentration of FGF-21 is measured using commercial luminex multiplexed cytokine assay panels (Minimal detectable density, 27 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 623 - 151,330 pg/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of FGF-21 at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of myokines (9). |
The serum concentration of SPARC (osteonectin) is measured using commercial luminex multiplexed cytokine assay panels (Minimal detectable density, 97.9 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 3.4 - 829.9 ng/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of SPARC (osteonectin) at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of myokines (10). |
The serum concentration of irisin is measured by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (Minimal detectable density, 1.29 ng/ml; Standard curve range, 0.1 - 1,000 ng/ml, Phoenix Pharmaceuticals). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of irisin at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of inflammatory-related cytokines (1) |
The serum concentration of IL-1 beta is measured using commercial luminex multiplexed cytokine assay panels (Minimal detectable density, 0.8 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 17.8 - 4,320 pg/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of IL-1 beta at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of inflammatory-related cytokines (2) |
The serum concentration of IL-10 is measured using commercial luminex multiplexed cytokine assay panels (Minimal detectable density, 1.6 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 13.7 - 3,340 pg/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of IL-10 at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of inflammatory-related cytokines (3) |
The serum concentration of IL-11 is measured using commercial luminex multiplexed cytokine assay panels (Minimal detectable density, 24.7 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 0.5 - 125.4 ng/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of IL-11 at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of serum levels of inflammatory-related cytokines (4) |
The serum concentration of TNF-alpha is measured using commercial luminex multiplexed cytokine assay panels (Minimal detectable density, 1.2 pg/ml; Standard curve range, 14 - 3,410 pg/ml, R&D systems). |
Changes from baseline serum levels of TNF-alpha at 12 weeks |
|
Secondary |
Changes of bone mineral density |
Bone mineral density is expressed as T-score, which is measured by a compact ultrasonometer at calcaneus (Achilles Express, GE LUNAR Corp., Madison, WI) |
Changes from baseline bone mineral density at 12 weeks |
|