View clinical trials related to Brain Diseases.
Filter by:The goal of this observational study is to compare the differences in the features of cerebral multifrequency EIT(cMFEIT) images between healthy subjects and patients with brain diseases and to explore the possibility of applying multifrequency EIT to intracranial abnormality detection.16 healthy volunteers and 8 patients with brain diseases were recruited as experimental subjects, and the cerebral EIT data of 9 frequencies in the range of 21 kHz - 100 kHz of all subjects were acquired with an EH-300 MFEIT system.
Patients with chronic liver disease due to hepatitis B or C viruses, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, autoimmune hepatitis, wilson disease, cryptogenic hepatitis etc are prone to develop complications. Hepatic encephalopathy is one of such complications. It is graded into four types depending on severity of clinical features, which range through altered sleep pattern to coma. The current study aims to compare the effectiveness of lactulose enema with oral lactulose in time to recovery from higher grade of encephalopathy to lower grade of encephalopathy.
The purpose of the research is to determine if the Hepatitis B vaccine after birth provides enough protection after cooling for Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE). To do this, Hepatitis B titers (blood sample) would be taken before, during, and after administering of the Hepatitis B vaccine series to measure efficacy of the vaccine.
There will be 124 patients diagnosed as hepatitis B associated acute on chronic liver failure with mild to moderate hepatic encephalopathy will be enrolled in this study according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and will be randomly divided into two groups as 1:1.First group is called Rifaximin group, on the basis of comprehensive treatment of liver failure, Rifaximin (Alfa Sigma S.p.A) is added, three times a day, 400 mg each time, for a total of 4 weeks, and observed until 12 weeks after withdrawal. The other group is called standard treatment group (control group), which will receive routine comprehensive treatment for liver failure. The reversal of mild to moderate hepatic encephalopathy in the two groups of patients will be observed within 4 weeks, then follow up to 12 weeks.
This is a multicenter prospective observational study that aims to determine the natural history of patients with early diagnosis (within 6 hours of life) of mild hipoxic ischemic encephalopaty (HIE), who are not candidates for treatment with therapeutic hypothermia. The goal of this study is to learn about the early neurological outcome in babies with mild encephalopathy, as recent studies have shown how there is an increased risk of brain damage with a high incidence of resonance magnetic nuclear (RMN) anomalies and possible neurodevelopmental complications including learning or neuropsychological disorders, epilepsy, visual and sensory deficits. The main question aimed to answer is the identification of early possible predictive factors for an unfavorable outcome in order to undertake early rehabilitation programs and for the future planning of trials on early neuroprotection in the investigated population. Babies with early diagnosis (within 6h of life) of mild grade HIE not candidate for hypothermic treatment are subjected to clinical and instrumental assessments during the neonatal period: - neurological objective exam according to the modified "Sarnat" score, Thompson score and Hammersmith Neonatal Neurological Examination (HINE) within 6 hours of life, 24 hours of life and before resignation; - an Amplitude Electroencephalogram (aEEG) study within 6 hours of life, for 6 hours; - cerebral ultrasound within 6 hours of life, in the third and seventh day of life; - a brain magnetic resonance imaging study between the seventh and 14th day of life; - an Electroencephalogram (EEG) evaluation within 7 days. After resignation, all patients will be included in a minimum duration follow-up program of 12 months, with assessments at 3rd, 6th and 12th month of age: - Hammersmith Neonatal Neurological Examination (HINE) and evaluation of the General Movements; - evaluation of psychomotor development through Griffiths/Bayley III scales at the 12th month; - EEG evaluation at the 6th and 12th month.
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) affects approximately 4,000 to 12,000 persons annually in the United States. Mortality from HIE has been reported up to 60%, with at least 25% of survivors left with significant neurocognitive disability. Despite this vital unmet medical need, no pharmacological adjunct or alternative therapy has proven beneficial in improving outcomes in neonatal HIE. RLS-0071 is a novel peptide being developed for the treatment of neonatal HIE. This study is designed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of RLS-0071 in the treatment of newborns with moderate or severe HIE.
Hepatic encephalopathy is a frequent complication of both acute liver failure (ALF) and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and could be responsible among other neurological complications of residual impairment after liver transplantation. Specific metabolomic studies have shed light into pathophysiology. Nevertheless, whether HE metabolomic fingerprints differ between HE in ALF and HE in ACLF and their evolution after liver transplantation (LT) is unknown. The aim of our study is to analyse the metabolomic fingerprint in plasma of 2 different groups of patients before and after LT: - hospitalized patients with ALF and HE - hospitalized patients with ACLF and HE We will analyse metabolomic results to explore if there is any difference in metabolomic fingerprints between these 2 groups and if LT modify the metabolomic fingerprint in plasma in these 2 groups and in the same way. We will collect blood samples in these 2 groups on the day of HE occurring and then on day 1, day 7 and day 30 (+/- 2 days) after LT. We aim to enroll 10 patients in ALF group and 20 patients in ACLF group. Inclusion criteria are defined as age > 18 years, patient presenting with ALF (Synthetic liver failure (INR > 1.5) with hepatic encephalopathy (grade 1-4 of West-Haven classification), without pre-existing hepatopathy, HE beginning within <26 weeks) or ACLF (≥ grade 1 from CANONIC criteria), and clinical HE (grade 1-4 of West-Haven classification) on the day of enrolment. Exclusion criteria are defined as age < 18 years, absence of HE, LT without pre-existing HE, patients who already undergone a LT, legally protected person. An EDTA blood sample will be collected, centrifuged and frozen on the day of enrolment, then on day 1, day 7 and day 30 (+/- 2 days) after LT. Metabolomic analyses will be performed by different techniques but especially with high resolution liquid phase mass spectrometry in collaboration with CEA. Statistical analyses will be both univariate (Mann-Whitney or Wilcoxon tests) and multivariate (with a classical and adapted method for metabolomic studies: Partial Least-Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA)). We expect to identify different metabolomic fingerprints between HE in both ALF and ACLF patients as well as different kinetics for symptoms resolution after LT. The long-term objective is to target the specific metabolic pathways for each group in order to allow development of new targeted drugs against HE in these 2 different conditions.
The study aims to establish the diagnostic vcalue of a structured neurological examination to detect eraly neurological abnormlaities in infants at risk of neurological abnormlaiyies.
The goal of this observational study is to identify early signs of poor neurodevelopmental outcome by performing specific neurological, neurophysiological and neuroimaging assessments in newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy treated with therapeutic hypothermia. The main questions it aims to answer are: - Identify patients at risk of neuromotor, cognitive and epileptic sequelae - Plan early rehabilitation programs and future trials on early neuroprotection in infant at risk of neurodevelopmental disability Participants will be involved in serial assessment: - Before and after therapeutic hypothermia and before discharge: neurological assessment, according to the modified Sarna (t) score, Thompson's score and Hammersmith Neonatal Neurological Examination (HNNE); General Movement Assessment - Amplitude integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) within 6 hours of life, for 6 hours. - Neonatal Cranial Ultrasonography within 6 hours of life, in the third and seventh day of life. - Brain magnetic resonance imaging between 7 and 14 days. - Electroencephalogram (EEG) within 7 days. After discharge study population will perform: - EEG between 3 and 6 months. - Neurological assessment using Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE) at 3-6-9-12 months. - General Movement Assessment at 3 months. - Neurodevelopmental assessment using the Griffiths Mental Development Scales at 24 months. - Cognitive assessment using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence between 36 and 41 months. - Motor performance assessment using Movement ABC between 42 and 48 months.
The goal of this study is to characterize the ability and related brain profiles of children with Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) - Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) at 9 years old. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Compare executive function, attention, social cognition, behaviour, anxiety, self-esteem, and peer problems between children with NE-TH and matched peers without NE. 2. Compare brain volumes, cortical and subcortical morphology, white matter microstructure, and myelination between children with NE-TH and matched peers without NE. 3. Evaluate the associations of perinatal risk factors and structural brain integrity with neuropsychological deficits to inform about the potential aggravating and protective factors for neuropsychological functioning. Participants will complete one study visit to perform standardized evaluations and a brain MRI. Parents of participants will be invited to complete a series of questionnaires during this study visit or at a moment of their choice virtually.