Autoimmune Diseases Clinical Trial
Official title:
Characterization of the Phenotypic Markers of B Cell Lymphocytes in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA):
RA is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that primarily affects the small joints,
eventually leading to bone erosion and an inability to move (1). Several immune cells
participate in the pathogenesis of RA. One of those cells is B cell.
B cell population:
B lymphocytes play several critical roles in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. They
are the source of the rheumatoid factors (RF) and anti-cyclic-citrullinated peptide
(anti-CCP), which contribute to immune complex formation and complement activation in the
joints (2).
There is different B cell subpopulation according to the stage of maturation and activity.
Distinction of this subpopulation can be done by detection of different CD molecules
expressed on cell surface (3). From all sub-population this research will focus on these
immunophenotypes; immature, mature, memory and B-reg cells by using CD 19, CD24, CD38 & CD27
respectively.
Joa˜ o E. Fonseca and his team found the reduction in B cell subpopulation especially (Pre-
switched memory B cells) both in RA and Arthritis in the early stage. This observation not
related to using methotrexate or corticosteroid in the treatment. They used the
classification of B cells with CD 19 mainly and then IgD and CD27 to identify B cells (4).
Gabriella Sármay team found that the number of B-reg CD19+ CD27+ IL-10+ cells in peripheral
blood is fewer in RA patients compared with healthy controls (5).
Interleukin 10:
Interleukin (IL)-10 functions as an anti-inflammatory cytokine in rheumatoid arthritis. IL-10
mRNA levels were significantly elevated in synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMCs) from
patients with RA compared with PBMCs peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from RA
patients or healthy volunteers according to Isomäki P (6).
IL 10 is primarily produced by monocytes mainly and, then by lymphocytes; type 2 T helper
cells (TH2), mast cells, CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells, and in a certain subset of
activated T cells and B cells (7).
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